Estate planning isn't only about what happens after death. Power of attorney and advance directives deal with something just as important: who decides for you if you can't decide for yourself.

Power of attorney

A power of attorney (POA) is a document that authorizes someone you trust to act on your behalf. It can cover financial matters, and in many places, a separate document covers healthcare decisions. POAs can be set up to take effect immediately or only if you become unable to act.

Advance directives and living wills

An advance directive (sometimes called a living will) records your wishes about medical treatment if you can't communicate them — for example, preferences about certain life-sustaining measures. It guides loved ones and doctors during difficult moments.

  • Choose carefully: pick people you trust to act in your interests.
  • Be specific: clear instructions reduce confusion and conflict.
  • Tell people: make sure your chosen agents know and have access to the documents.
Without these documents, your family may face court processes to gain authority to make decisions for you — adding stress and delay at the worst possible time.

Keep them accessible

These documents only help if they can be found. Store them safely and ensure your agents and, where relevant, your doctor know they exist.

The bottom line

Powers of attorney and advance directives put trusted people in charge of your affairs and honor your wishes if you can't speak for yourself.

General information only, not legal advice. Requirements vary by jurisdiction; professional help ensures validity.